Meeting My Cousin Mendel – With A Twist!

Meeting My Zeldin Family in Brooklyn NY

Our first meeting ever took place at the Washington Cemetery, Brooklyn New York on Sunday 6 August 2017 at 9:30am

After finding the whereabouts of my cousin Zara Smushkovich in September 2016 in Toronto, I sadly discovered that her brother Mendel had passed away less than two months before in Brooklyn NY.  Mendel, originally from Riga, Latvia, had only ever met one of his Zeldin first cousins, the late Phyllis Jowell in Riga in 1960.

Chassia & Isadore Zeldin, my maternal grandparents

Here are the children and grandchildren of Isocher and Chassia Zeldin


Isadore and Chassia with 11 of their 17 grandchildren c1953

The children and grandchildren of Mendel Zeldin. There are also a couple of great grandchildren not listed here.

Meeting My Cousin Zara Smushkovich

Meeting My Cousin Zara Smushkovich

Toronto, Canada 30 July 2017 I meet my first cousin Zara Zeldin Smushkovich again after 42 years. It is a delightful reunion at a restaurant and then at her condo. The only other time we met was in…

Source: elirab.me/meeting-my-cousin-zara-smushkovich/

New York

The early August morning view from my room in my brother, Michael’s apartment in LIC, NY.

When I arrived in New York,  I called Mendel’s daughter Bella. She invited my brother Michael and me to meet her, her brother Alex and their families at the Washington Cemetery in Brooklyn on the Sunday morning.

Washington Cemetery, Brooklyn NY

Washington Cemetery is an old, historical, and predominantly Jewish burial ground located at 5400 Bay Parkway in Mapleton, Brooklyn, New York, United States.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Cemetery_(Brooklyn)

 

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Why did we meet at the cemetery?

It was our first cousin Mendel’s unveiling! Strange “meeting” my cousin for the first time at his unveiling.

With my brother Michael
With Bella. Lucy, Estee, Jonathan, Alex and Michael and Lucy’s daughters – all descendants of Isadore and Chassia Zeldin, my grand parents
With late Mendel’s carer, Estee, Bella and Innes

We then had lunch at a Russian Jewish restaurant in Flatbush. After many vodkas and a few speeches in honour of our departed cousin, it was off to Bella’s house for tea and more reminiscing! 

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With Mendel's children, Bella & Alex

Riva, Mendel’s wife

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My cousin, Zara & Meir Shmushkovich wedding
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Zara & her mother, Esther
With Michael, Estee and Jonathan
Saying goodbye – Estee, Jonathan & Alex

Stan The Good Shabbos Man

Stan TGSM – Home

Stan TGSM – Home

Source: stantgsm.com

With Lionel Slier

Taken at my talk at the Great Park Synagogue earlier this year.

Lionel Slier’s article

REMEMBERING ISAAC OCHBERG, FATHER OF ORPHANS

appeared in the Jerusalem Post and is on the Brest KehilaLink:

kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/brest/Ochberg.html

Brest, Belarus

L-R Zinky Agulnik, Kfar Saba (ex SA); Susan Jacobson, Cape Town; Jack Slier, Shanghai; Hayley Slier, London; Lionel Slier, Johannesburg; Paula Slier, Modi’in; Tanya Jacobson, Cape Town; Phillipa Jacobson, Baltimore; Leanne Jacobson, Amsterdam; Daniel Goldfine, Tel Aviv; Alicia Slier, Johannesburg

The Brest KehilaLink homepage:

Brest, Belarus

My Talks at the Great Park & Gardens Shuls

More From IAJGS Orlando

Selfie with E Randol Schoenberg

The Cleveland Jewish News

Jewish Genealogical Societies annual conference opens doors to history

Jewish Genealogical Societies annual conference opens doors to history

What’s one of the most common reasons people attended the International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies recent annual conference at the Walt Disney World Dolphin Hotel in Orlando, Fla.?

Source: www.clevelandjewishnews.com/community/circle_of_life/jewish-genealogical-societies-annual-conference-opens-doors-to-history/article_93d218fa-995e-11e7-ab03-1f1d22b11583.html

Selfie with Jane Edelstein
Roy Ogus featuring the Kimberley KehilaLink

Source: kehilalinks.jewishgen.org/kimberley/Home.html

With Geraldine Auerbach MBE – my partner on the Kimberley KehilaLink – London June 17

In the Footsteps of Zalman Tzoref: A film by Orna Bird and Omri Lior.

This video is about Avraham Shlomo Zalman Tzoref It is a trailer for the full length documentary film made by Orna Bird and Omri Lior!

Source: youtu.be/_oRwIM796A0

Next Year In Warsaw

The Power Of Translations

You can now read my posts about Jewish heritage and travel in 104 languages – even in Xhosa!

This is how it works:

Visit http://elirab.me
Look up a topic in the menu or the search engine.
Click “Translate” on the bottom right, choose your language and in a few seconds, you are there.

Try these examples:

1: The Power Of Words
http://elirab.me/power

2: My 2017 Visit to Atzalynas High School in Kedainiai
http://elirab.me/atzalynas-gimnazija-kedainiai-visit-2017/

3: Sugihara in Sydney
http://elirab.me/rabbi-levi-wolffs-tribute-to-a-japanese-hero-an-update/

 

IAJGS Orlando

Orlando Jewish Info – Your Jewish Guide to Orlando

Orlando Jewish Info – Your Jewish Guide to Orlando

Orlando Jewish Info Guide

Source: www.orlandojewishinfo.com

Getting there

The Swan & Dolphin Resort at Disney World

Information Booths

The Big Shmooze

Down To Business

How Can We Help?

See Ya …..

…. in Warsaw

Alli Passes On

Alli Bak Itzkowitz – The last of her generation

http://www.legacy.com/obituaries/dallasmorningnews/obituary.aspx?n=Alli-Bock-Itzkowitz&pid=186445752

A month after I met Alli Bak Itzkowitz for the first time, she passed away.

Alli was my mother Raele (Ray) Zeldin Rabinowitz’s first cousin.

They never met!

When Alli and I met in North Dallas in July, we shared stories, laughed, held hands and exchanged Yiddish rhymes

Here are photos from my visit:

A family dinner held on 20 July 2017

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Part of the Zeldin family tree that Marny printed.

Alli and her son Gene

Videos

From my previous post

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Meet Alli Bak Itzkowitz

A young Alli

 

Here is my relationship chart to Alli, my mother’s first cousin and the last of her ZELDIN generation. They never met.

Allis’ paternal Bak grandparents – Leib and Naomi

 

Alli’s dad, Avram Bak
Alli and her late husband Julius
Alli’s sister Luba & husband Jasha
Alli’s family. The mother Sonia in the front
Alli’s family in Memel, Lithuania
Alli, Morris Back and Harry Bock
My mum, Ray and my grandfather Socher Zeldin
Back of the photo
Gene & Vicki with their daughter, Marny and her husband Cody

Alli is a Holocaust Survivor and has  her  testimony recorded  at USHMM as well as the Spielberg Foundation.

The USHMM link is here:

Oral history interview with Alli Itzkowitz – Collections Search – United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Source: collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn506601

Meeting My Cousin Zara Smushkovich

Toronto, Canada

30 July 2017

I meet my first cousin Zara Zeldin Smushkovich again after 42 years.
It is a delightful reunion at a restaurant and then at her condo.
The only other time we met was in Israel in 1975.
I also meet her vivacious daughters – Mira Gold and Alla Khelem and son in law Avram-Yakov Gold.
A very special afternoon!
How Geni posted the story on their blog:

First Cousins Reunited

We love hearing stories of families reunited through Geni. Recently, Eli Rabinowitz finally found his first cousin Zara Smushkovich after being separated for over 35 years! The discovery was made thanks to the help of a friendly person on Facebook who found the family tree on Geni.

Source: www.geni.com/blog/first-cousins-reunited-395092.html

My original post:
This is how my story unfolds, reaching a climax a week before Jewish New Year 5777
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 Zara Zeldin Smushkovich
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I met my first cousin Zara, known to us as Sofka, in late 1975 on Kibbutz Tzora in Israel.
As far as I can recall, this was our only meeting.
Zara had arrived with her family in 1973 from Riga, Latvia.
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I took this photo of Meir, Zara, Ossie, Bessie, Uncle Isaac,
Aunty Luba, Alla, Aunty Esther, and my mother Rachel.
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Zara’s father David Zeldin and my mother, Rachel were siblings.
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 Aunty Esther, David Zeldin’s wife, her daughter Zara and grand daughter Alla.
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 My grandparents Socher and Chasa Zeldin
and their six daughters  left Riga for South Africa between 1927 to 1937.
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Five of the sisters Yetta, Annie, Rachel (my mother), Guta and Luba  (taken in the 1970s)
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 Chana, the youngest sister
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My grandparents, Isocher and Chasa, the married Zeldin sisters and their husbands.
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11 of the 15 grandchildren all born in Cape Town
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A typical family gathering in the 50s.
Two brothers, Moisey and David were left behind in Latvia.
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Uncle Moisey, the eldest, died in the Holocaust, around 1941 while his younger brother David joined the Soviet Army and survived.
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 David’s children, Mendel and Zara,  spent the war years with their mother Esther in a refugee camp near Tashkent in Uzbekistan.
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 Documents from the Latvian archives showing their refugee status in Uzbekistan.
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David Esther & Sophka Wedding
Uncle David, his wife Esther and their daughter Zara at her wedding in Riga in August 1957.
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This photo: Aunty Luba, Alla, my mom Rachel, cousin Solly, Zara, Esther, Sorrel and her son Gil in late 70s in Israel.
Zara and her family left Israel for Canada in 1984.
                               ————————————————————————–
In 2001, thanks to Saul Issroff, London based president of South African SIG, I made contact for the first time with Ferenc Koszeg, my Zeldin second cousin in Budapest, Hungary.
The article below describes the amazing way we connected!
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Additionally, Ferenc, known as Feri, introduced me to additional Zeldin family, living in Istanbul:
My grandfather Socher Zeldin, had another sister, Masha who, with her Hungarian husband Sandor, moved to Turkey in the early 1920s. Although they were no longer alive, their daughter and their grandchildren (my second cousins) were in Istanbul.
There was also a second cousin in Washington DC and other Zeldin family, the Bock family, in Dallas. I started corresponding with them.
I made my first trip to the Baltics, Central and Eastern Europe in May 2011, starting in Riga, where I had commissioned research by Rita Bogdanova, archivist at the Latvian State Archives.
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With Rita Bogdanova and Saul Issroff in Israel July 2015
Rita found pre WWll material on the Zeldin family in Riga and Dvinsk, known today as Daugavpils.
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Rachel (Rael) Zeldin’s passport document.
Using this research as my foundation, I was able to visit family addresses with my guide, Elena Spungina.

Just after leaving Riga,  I received the 1960 diary of my late cousin Phyllis Jowell. In it she wrote about meeting our uncle David Zeldin, his wife Esther and children, Mendel and Zara.
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The cover of Phyllis’s diary and photos she had pasted in it:
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Rivka & Mendel Zeldin, my cousin, with their son Alex
In the diary he was referred to as Mishka, and his wife and son’s names weren’t given.
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 Zara with daughter, Mira
 In the diary, she was referred to as Sofka and her daughter’s name wasn’t given.
                                                     ————————————————————————–
After visiting Latvia, Lithuania and Poland in May 2011, I arrived in Budapest, Hungary and met my second cousin Feri Koszeg for first time, since connecting in 2001.
Other family members joined the party, including Feri’s family, Fanni and her husband David Waitz from New York; Sarah, her husband Peter Magyari, and her brother Aron; my son Neil from Oxford; my nephew Ronen Katz and his daughter Shachar from Israel. Visiting Budapest from Istanbul was our mutual second cousin Mehmet Imre and his wife Billur.
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It was a most memorable evening with the three Zeldin second cousins, all grandchildren of three Zeldin siblings from Dvinsk, Latvia.
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With Feri and the photos that helped bring our families together. The three second cousins: Mehmet, Feri & Eli.
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Feri with a famous photo of himself running from Soviet agents.
If you are interested in the background story of this famous photo, go to the 6 minute mark of this video filmed at the Library Of Congress Washington DC in 2014.

I continued my journey to Istanbul where I met Mehmet’s brother Ahmet Imre and his wife, Pinar.
In 2013, I returned to Istanbul, where I met two more of my second cousins, Haluk Atasoy and his wife Sena, and Cihad Atasoy and his wife Seda. These men are second cousins of mine and all have the same Jewish Hungarian grandfather and their grandmother Masha, was my grandfather Isocher Zeldin’s sister.
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L-R Back: Haluk, Cihad, Ahmet, Mehmet & Eli.  Front: Sena, Seda, Pinar & Billur
In the past few years, having found this expanded family, the question of Zara (known to us as Sofka) came up, but no one really knew where to find her nor most importantly, did anyone remember her surname.
I had tried looking for Zeldins on Facebook, but had no luck.
                                             ————————————————————————–
Then in June this year I wrote  to the Latvian Archives again, but this time to the section of the archives that deals with post WWll and the Soviet era. My friend Rita had suggested I contact the Personnel Archives which has files of families living abroad.
The Archives replied that they had found such documents of the Zeldin family.
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On 22 September 2016,  our postie delivered a registered letter from the Latvian Archives.
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Included were  Zara’s and her daughter Alla Khelem’s 1973 joint Soviet passport.
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I asked Avigdor Shligel, my Ukrainian friend, to translate Zara’s surname which was written in Russian / cyrillic script.
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The answer and the key was:  SMUSHKOVICH
I posted the following on Facebook and JewishGen:

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Within an hour a Facebook member, Elena Shapiro Wayne, sent me the Geni page of the late husband of Zara – Meir Smushkovich. I then looked up  the names on that Geni tree on Facebook, including Alon Gold, who, according to Geni, was Zara’s grandson. 
 
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Gert Rogers, from Toronto, saw my post on JewishGen, sent me an email with Zara’s telephone number, which she had looked up in the telephone directory and then called to check that it was Zara.
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I spoke to my first cousin Zara in Toronto that night. What an amazing experience to make this call!
We were both ecstatic to make this connection! Zara was so happy to be in contact again with her 13 surviving Zeldin first cousins after more than 35 years.
Zara told me that Alon called to tell her that he had been contacted by a “stranger” on Facebook with information about his Zeldin family. As I was unknown to him, he needed to clear it with her as it had come out of nowhere.
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I called Alon Gold the following morning and we spoke for two hours. Like me, he is the go-to person in his family when it come to maintaining family records and ties.
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Mendel Zeldin with his children Bella and Alex
 
Sadly, Zara’s brother Mendel, passed away less than two months ago on 28 July 2016 in Brooklyn, NY. He was 81.
We never met him. Only our late cousin, Phyllis Jowell, met him in 1960 in Riga.
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 L-R: Bella, Mendels daughter; Alla. his niece; Mendel, Mira, his niece; Angela, his great niece.
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Zara  with her daughters Alla and Mira.
Here are photos of our “new” family.
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Lucy’s wedding in NY in 2010
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Angela’s wedding in Toronto in 2015
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Our new family’s tree!
                                       ————————————————————————–
Once I received that registered letter from the archives in Riga, I knew that things would develop quickly.
My thanks go out to my friend Rita Bogdanova at the Latvian State Archives, Avigdor Shligel, Elena Shapiro Wayne and Gert Rogers.
Thanks to Jewishgen.org and Geni.com, it took less than an hour to find Alon Gold and his “baba Sofa”, Zara Smushkovich, my long lost cousin!
 
There is so much history still to share. We are so looking forward to it.
 
A rip roaring success story, if ever there was one!
 
Thanks to my daughter in law Tami for calling me  “tangential”. You are right! Just what my sons, the doctors, ordered!
 
Chag Sameach 5777.

From

As many of you know I have been extremely immersed in the Genealogy of my family and Gary’s. I have been active in the genealogy community on Facebook. I had the pleasure of stumbling on a request from a very nice man in Australia looking for family members. I was able to very quickly find a record for one of his ancestors which helped him reconnect after decades! Today on the Jewish NEW YEAR I received a note and this link. At the end of this very wonderful family history I was honored to be mentioned. What a wonderful gift on Rosh Hashana!  Eli Rabinowitz here is wishing many years of happiness with your newly found family. I am humbled to have been a small part of this wonderful Mitzvah.
L’Shana Tova.
Please check out this link to hear his story!
http://elirab.me/finding-my-cousin-zara-smushkovich/

                                                          **********************************************
From Gert Rogers, Toronto
2 October 2016

Dear Eli

I am so glad that I could help you.  Your blog was amazing.  I wrote Bubble Segal  many years ago and she answered me so I know her by correspondence.  Again I am happy for you.

Wishing you and all your family a Healthy and Happy New Year.

Gert

Gert Rogers –  Toronto – Searching Goldman Woda Sziiakovich from Mordy, Losice, and Miedzyrzec Podlaski and Solnik Djtelbaum  from Staszow all in Poland

Alli – The Last of her Generation

Meet Alli Bak Itzkowitz

A young Alli

Only 3 hours 15 minutes from Perth to Sydney, but 15 and a half hours to Dallas!

I left Perth at 5:15 am and arrived in Dallas at 2pm the same day.  A 13 hour time change!

A nice and warm 38C –  100F  day in Dallas.

My first time here, and the first time I’m meeting my Texas family.

I was met  at the Dallas – Fort Worth Airport by Gene Itzkowitz, my second cousin on our mothers’ sides. Gene and his wife, Vicki are hosting me here in Dallas.

This must be Texas!

Alli and her younger son Gene

Here is my relationship chart to Alli, my mother’s first cousin and the last of her ZELDIN generation. They never met.

Allis’ paternal Bak grandparents – Leib and Naomi

 

Alli’s dad, Avram Bak
Alli and her late husband Julius
Alli’s sister Luba & husband Jasha
Alli’s family. The mother Sonia in the front
Alli’s family in Memel, Lithuania
Alli, Morris Back and Harry Bock
My mum, Ray and my grandfather Socher Zeldin
Back of the photo
Gene & Vicki with their daughter, Marny and her husband Cody

Alli is a Holocaust Survivor and has  her  testimony recorded  at USHMM as well as the Spielberg Foundation.

The USHMM link is here:

Oral history interview with Alli Itzkowitz – Collections Search – United States Holocaust Memorial Museum

Source: collections.ushmm.org/search/catalog/irn506601

London

Geraldine & Sarah
Arrival in London at Stanstead Airport

A visit to Google, DeepMind & Neil
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Neil
St Pancras Station
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St Pancras railway station – Wikipedia

St Pancras railway station (/seɪnt ˈpæŋkrəs/ or /sənt ˈpæŋkrəs/), also known as London St Pancras and since 2007 as St Pancras International, is a central London railway terminus located on Euston Road in the London Borough of Camden.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Pancras_railway_station

The British Library
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Leizer Ran
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Take a photo of your locker!

British Library – Wikipedia

Coordinates: 51°31′46″N 0°07′37″W / 51.52944°N 0.12694°W / 51.52944; -0.12694

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Library

On the Tube and the Trains
Hammersmith Station
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Flowers by Geraldine Auerbach
Memorial in Baker Street Tube

Meeting people
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Stefan, Sadler, Shoshana, Cecile & Daniel
The Wiener Library

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Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide – Wikipedia

The Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide (German pronunciation: [ˈviːnɐ ]); is the world’s oldest institution devoted to the study of the Holocaust, its causes and legacies. Founded in 1933 as an information bureau that informed Jewish communities and governments worldwide about the persecution of the Jews under the Nazis, it was transformed into a research institute and public access library after the end of World War II and is now situated in Russell Square, London.[2]

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiener_Library_for_the_Study_of_the_Holocaust_and_Genocide

The West End
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Hype Park Corner

West End of London – Wikipedia

The West End of London (commonly referred to as the West End) is an area of Central and West London in which many of the city’s major tourist attractions, shops, businesses, government buildings and entertainment venues, including West End theatres, are concentrated.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_End_of_London

Selfridges
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Selfridges, Oxford Street – Wikipedia

Selfridges is a Grade II listed retail premises on Oxford Street in London. It was designed by Daniel Burnham for Harry Gordon Selfridge, and opened in 1909.[1] Still the headquarters of Selfridge & Co. department stores, with 540,000 square feet (50,000 m2) of selling space,[2] the store is the second largest retail premises in the UK,[1] half as big as the biggest department store in Europe, Harrods.[2] It was named the world’s best department store in 2010,[3] and again in 2012.[4]

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selfridges,_Oxford_Street

Hammersmith
Natalie Rabinowitz
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Natalie Rabinowitz
Westminster
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Westminster Abbey
St Albans

First Bunnings in the UK. Bunnings was started in Perth, Australia. Ten minute walk from Neil

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Sausage Sizzle
Around the Nunnery
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Go Fly A Kite
The Town
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Bicycle Rack at Station
Reading Material

Read the character names on these pages – amazing coincidence – Roly Poly Bird saves Jill! Roly Poly is what the grandkids call me!

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St Albans – Wikipedia

St Albans /sənt ˈɔːlbənz/, /seɪn … / is a city in Hertfordshire, England, and the major urban area in the City and District of St Albans. It lies east of Hemel Hempstead and west of Hatfield, about 19 miles (31 km) north-northwest of London, 8 miles (13 km) southwest of Welwyn Garden City and 11 miles (18 km) south-southeast of Luton. St Albans was the first major town on the old Roman road of Watling Street for travellers heading north, and it became the Roman city of Verulamium. It is a historic market town and is now a dormitory town within the London commuter belt and the Greater London Built-up Area.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Albans

Back to Australia – Dubai
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Flying somewhere!

 

Jerusalem 17

The inside of the Hurva

On the bus at the entrance to Jerusalem

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Family & Friends

Shopping in Jerusalem

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Machane Yehuda

Mahane Yehuda Market – Wikipedia

Mahane Yehuda Market (Hebrew: שוק מחנה יהודה‎, Shuk Mahane Yehuda), often referred to as “The Shuk”,[1] is a marketplace (originally open-air, but now at least partially covered) in Jerusalem, Israel. Popular with locals and tourists alike, the market’s more than 250 vendors[2] sell fresh fruits and vegetables; baked goods; fish, meat and cheeses; nuts, seeds, and spices; wines and liquors; clothing and shoes; and housewares, textiles, and Judaica.[3][4]

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahane_Yehuda_Market

Newly discovered old family photos

Hadara
From Orla, Poland to Volksrust, Transvaal, South Africa
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Moshe
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Nachum Mendel & Moshe Zalman Rabinowitz

Personal Journeys: From One Photograph to Journeys of Research and Discovery – Avotaynu Online

All I ever knew was that I am named after my great-uncle Moshe. Moshe died in a motor accident, six weeks before his planned wedding. The date of his death is unknown, but it was sometime between the late 1920s …

Source: www.avotaynuonline.com/2016/08/from-one-photograph-to-journeys-of-research-and-discovery/

On our way to Machane Yehuda

Nachi

Nachi
Richard & Nachi
Richard & Cheryl
Alfi

Early morning walk from Talpiot to the Old City

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Jaffa Gate

The Hurva represents the community that my 3rd great grandfather, Avraham Shlomo Zalman Tzoref (Salomon) established in 1811.

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The Hurva

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Hurva Synagogue – Wikipedia

The Hurva Synagogue, (Hebrew: בית הכנסת החורבה‎‎, translit: Beit ha-Knesset ha-Hurva, lit. “The Ruin Synagogue”), also known as Hurvat Rabbi Yehudah he-Hasid (“Ruin of Rabbi Judah the Pious”), is a historic synagogue located in the Jewish Quarter of the Old City of Jerusalem.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurva_Synagogue

The Kotel

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Western Wall – Wikipedia

The Western Wall, Wailing Wall or Kotel (Hebrew:  הַכֹּתֶל הַמַּעֲרָבִי‎ (help·info), translit.: HaKotel HaMa’aravi; Ashkenazic pronunciation: HaKosel HaMa’arovi; Arabic: حائط البراق‎‎, translit.: Ḥā’iṭ al-Burāq, translat.: the Buraq Wall, or Arabic: المبكى‎‎ al-Mabkā: the Place of Weeping) is an ancient limestone wall in the Old City of Jerusalem. It is a relatively small segment of a far longer ancient retaining wall, known also in its entirety as the “Western Wall”. The wall was originally erected as part of the expansion of the Second Jewish Temple begun by Herod the Great, which resulted in the encasement of the natural, steep hill known to Jews and Christians as the Temple Mount, in a large rectangular structure topped by a huge flat platform, thus creating more space for the Temple itself and its auxiliary buildings.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Wall

Back to Yeshurun Synagogue via Mamilla

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Tony Sachs

On the way to Yad Vashem

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Yad Vashem International School For Holocaust Studies

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The Partisan Memorial area

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Tehilla, Jane & Allison

Yad Vashem – Wikipedia

Yad Vashem (Hebrew: יָד וַשֵׁם‎) is Israel’s official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust. It is dedicated to preserving the memory of the dead; honouring Jews who fought against their Nazi oppressors and Gentiles who selflessly aided Jews in need; and researching the phenomenon of the Holocaust in particular and genocide in general, with the aim of avoiding such events in the future.

Source: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yad_Vashem

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